Leonard Peltier

 

Leonard Peltier, September 12, 1944 (Belcourt, N.D.) -

VP candidate for Party for Socialism and Liberation (aka Peace and Freedom Party) (2020)

Running mate with nominee: Gloria Estela La Riva (b. 1954)
Popular vote: 9,506 (0.00%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

2020 was the 4th national election for the young party, and in three of those the standard bearer was Gloria La Riva. Her running-mate was Leonard Peltier.

Peltier, a Turtle Mountain Chippewa who was previously active in the American Indian Movement (AIM) had been in prison since 1977. He was convicted of aiding and abetting the 1975 shooting at point blank range of a couple of FBI agents at the Pine Ridge Reservation, SD. Peltier became a fugitive but was arrested a couple months later in Alberta. His case quickly drew controversy while gaining supporters contending he is a political prisoner and the "Free Leonard Peltier" movement was born.

In 2004 Peltier was the Presidential nominee of the Peace and Freedom Party.

La Riva ran on a platform of 10 points, as she did in 2016--

The PSL’s 2020 Ten Point
Socialist Campaign Program

★ 1 |  Make the essentials of life into constitutional rights
The U.S. has more than enough so that all the essentials of life — food, housing, water, education, health care and a job or basic income can be guaranteed rights — rather than distributed only for profit. Create a completely free and public healthcare system. Make education free—cancel all student debt. Fully fund rebuilding of the infrastructure in transport, water and utility systems. Stop all foreclosures and evictions. End all discrimination based on ability/disability.

★ 2 |  For the Earth to live, capitalism must be replaced by a socialist system
Global warming, pollution, acidified and depleted oceans, fracking, critical drought, plastics choking the seas, nuclear weapons and waste — it is clear that capitalism and production for profit are destroying the planet and threatening all life. The crisis is already here, with the most vulnerable and oppressed areas of the U.S. and Global South bearing the brunt. Using truly sustainable energy and seizing the oil and coal companies to stop fossil fuel pollution, are urgent steps needed to reverse climate change. Ultimately, only the socialist reorganization of society can assure the future of the people and the planet.

★ 3 |  End racism, police brutality and mass incarceration-Pay reparations to the African American community
Mass incarceration and racist policing are symptomatic of the 400 years of brutal repression meted out to African-descended peoples in the U.S. and the genocide committed against the Native nations. Reparations must be paid to the African American and Native communities! More than 2.2 million people are behind bars in the largest prison complex in the world. End mass incarceration of oppressed and all working class people. Fully prosecute all acts of police brutality and violence. Free Leonard Peltier, Mumia Abu-Jamal and all political prisoners!

★ 4 |  Full rights for all immigrants
Abolish all anti-immigrant laws. Stop the raids and deportations and demonization of immigrants. Shut down ICE and the concentration camps and reunite families. The government’s war on immigrants must end. The border wall must be dismantled. Amnesty and citizenship for those without documents. Full rights for all!

★ 5 |  Shut down all U.S. military bases around the world—bring all the troops, planes & ships home
U.S. foreign policy uses the pretext of national security to enforce the imperialist interests of the biggest banks and corporations. That is what is behind the endless wars and occupations. Use the $1 trillion military budget instead to provide for people’s needs here and worldwide. Abolish nuclear weapons. Stop U.S. aid to Israel. Self-determination for the Palestinian people, including the right of return. End the U.S. blockade of Cuba and sanctions against Venezuela, Iran and all countries. Independence for Puerto Rico and cancel its debt!

★ 6 |  Honor Native treaties. Free Leonard Peltier now
Both major parties have continued to allow the destruction of Native lands by mining and corporate agricultural interests in blatant disregard of indigenous sovereign rights. 33% of Native children live in poverty and many of America's poorest counties are reservations. The crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and the over-incarceration of Native peoples shows the bankruptcy of capitalism from its earliest inception in the Americas until today.
 
★ 7 |  Full equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people
Fight back against anti-LGBTQ discrimination and violence. Defend marriage equality. Full equality in all matters governed by civil law, including employment, housing, healthcare and education. No to “religious exemption” laws that allow discrimination against LGBTQ people!
 
★ 8 |  Equality for women and free, safe, legal abortion on demand
Stop the attack on women’s reproductive rights and defend Roe v. Wade. Women must have the fundamental right to choose & control their own bodies. Women still earn 22 percent less than men, and the gap is even more severe for Black and Latina women. Close the wage gap and end the gender division of labor.

★ 9 |  Defend and expand our unions
Support the right of all workers to have a union. Fight back against the attacks on collective bargaining. Require employers to recognize card check union votes. Repeal the Taft-Hartley Act. Focusing on low-wage worker organizing, rebuild a fighting labor movement.

★ 10 |  Takeover the stolen wealth of the giant banks and corporations – Jail Wall St. criminals
The vast wealth of the giant banks and corporations is created by workers labor and the exploitation of the world’s diminishing natural resources. The billionaires looted and destroyed the economy. It is time to seize their assets and use those resources in the interests of the vast majority. Power must be taken out of the hands of the super rich, and Wall Street criminals must be jailed.
    
In May 2020 the ticket was also nominated by the Liberty Union Party in Vermont. LU had also selected La Riva in 2016. On the negative side one can find chatter from other Leftist groups who consider PSL to be "tankies" (i.e. Stalinists) in love with despotic regimes as well as being an undemocratic, nontransparent political party to the point of being a cult. There have been allegations for years that PSL has harbored and protected sexual predators and abusers within their ranks.

Peltier withdrew from the ticket on July 20, 2020. The Party's website ran this statement--

Leonard Peltier regretfully withdraws as vice-presidential candidate

The Gloria La Riva for President 2020 Campaign announced today that Leonard Peltier has been compelled to withdraw as our vice–presidential candidate. Leonard’s health has seriously deteriorated in recent weeks and the maximum security prison where he is confined in Florida does not have the medical facilities he requires. He urgently needs compassionate release or commutation of his sentence that has now stretched for 44 years, as well as immediate transfer to a medical facility for proper medical treatment. His legal team -- and we -- believes that all focus must be directed toward his health situation and legal matters before him.

The Party for Socialism and Liberation is deeply honored that Leonard accepted our vice-presidential nomination to run on a ticket with presidential candidate Gloria La Riva. From the start last September, Leonard, a true people’s hero, was enthusiastic about the campaign and remained so until his health and legal circumstances has forced him to withdraw.

The La Riva for President 2020 Campaign and the Party for Socialism and Liberation hold Leonard Peltier in the highest esteem and pledge to continue the struggle for his freedom and the medical attention he urgently needs.

In a message regarding his withdrawal to Gloria La Riva on July 29, 2020, Leonard wrote: 

I know this is a huge disappointment to you as it is mine, that I have to drop out of the campaign with Gloria La Riva. My medical problems are not getting any better. I need to try to get home or at least closer. If so, it would be easier to get out. So please, forgive me if I have disappointed any of you. I did not intend to. Nor was I dropping out because I did not believe in it. I'm seriously hurting. Just know I love you young people who support me. You're awesome. Thank you for your support and love.

"Doksha, Leonard Peltier”

The PSL 2020 vice-presidential candidate will be Washington DC-based long-time activist and fighter for justice Sunil Freeman.

For the second time in a row the Peace and Freedom Party in California nominated La Riva for President, soundly defeating Howie Hawkins' bid.

Ever since the 2008 election the Party's popular vote result has been steadily rising. Their combined 2020 vote was 86,239, finishing in 6th place after the Libertarian, Green, and Alliance parties. 9,506 of those votes were for the La Riva/Peltier ticket in Illinois (0.13%), Minnesota (0.04%) where his name remained in the ballot, and in Texas (0.00%) as the official write-in VP.

The La Riva/Freeman ticket saw their strongest percentages in California (0.29%), District of Columbia (0.25%), New Mexico (0.18%), Rhode Island (0.16%), Washington (0.12%), and Arkansas (0.11%).

Election history:
2004 - US President (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated

Other occupations: welder, construction worker, auto body shop, activist, author

Notes:
Washington State trivia alert!!!-- Peltier was co-owner of an auto body shop in Seattle ca1965-1972.
 In July 2000 the Washington State Democratic Party passed a resolution in support of executive
 clemency for Peltier.

Sunil K. Freeman

 

Sunil K. Freeman, January 28, 1955 (Raleigh, N.C.) -

VP candidate for Party for Socialism and Liberation (aka Peace and Freedom Party aka Independent aka Unaffiliated aka Liberty Union Party) (2020)

Running mate with nominee: Gloria Estela La Riva (b. 1954)
Popular vote: 76,733 (0.05%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

2020 was the 4th national election for the young party, and in three of those the standard bearer was Gloria La Riva. Her running-mate was Leonard Peltier.

La Riva ran on a platform of 10 points, as she did in 2016--

The PSL’s 2020 Ten Point
Socialist Campaign Program

★ 1 |  Make the essentials of life into constitutional rights
The U.S. has more than enough so that all the essentials of life — food, housing, water, education, health care and a job or basic income can be guaranteed rights — rather than distributed only for profit. Create a completely free and public healthcare system. Make education free—cancel all student debt. Fully fund rebuilding of the infrastructure in transport, water and utility systems. Stop all foreclosures and evictions. End all discrimination based on ability/disability.

★ 2 |  For the Earth to live, capitalism must be replaced by a socialist system
Global warming, pollution, acidified and depleted oceans, fracking, critical drought, plastics choking the seas, nuclear weapons and waste — it is clear that capitalism and production for profit are destroying the planet and threatening all life. The crisis is already here, with the most vulnerable and oppressed areas of the U.S. and Global South bearing the brunt. Using truly sustainable energy and seizing the oil and coal companies to stop fossil fuel pollution, are urgent steps needed to reverse climate change. Ultimately, only the socialist reorganization of society can assure the future of the people and the planet.

★ 3 |  End racism, police brutality and mass incarceration-Pay reparations to the African American community
Mass incarceration and racist policing are symptomatic of the 400 years of brutal repression meted out to African-descended peoples in the U.S. and the genocide committed against the Native nations. Reparations must be paid to the African American and Native communities! More than 2.2 million people are behind bars in the largest prison complex in the world. End mass incarceration of oppressed and all working class people. Fully prosecute all acts of police brutality and violence. Free Leonard Peltier, Mumia Abu-Jamal and all political prisoners!

★ 4 |  Full rights for all immigrants
Abolish all anti-immigrant laws. Stop the raids and deportations and demonization of immigrants. Shut down ICE and the concentration camps and reunite families. The government’s war on immigrants must end. The border wall must be dismantled. Amnesty and citizenship for those without documents. Full rights for all!

★ 5 |  Shut down all U.S. military bases around the world—bring all the troops, planes & ships home
U.S. foreign policy uses the pretext of national security to enforce the imperialist interests of the biggest banks and corporations. That is what is behind the endless wars and occupations. Use the $1 trillion military budget instead to provide for people’s needs here and worldwide. Abolish nuclear weapons. Stop U.S. aid to Israel. Self-determination for the Palestinian people, including the right of return. End the U.S. blockade of Cuba and sanctions against Venezuela, Iran and all countries. Independence for Puerto Rico and cancel its debt!

★ 6 |  Honor Native treaties. Free Leonard Peltier now
Both major parties have continued to allow the destruction of Native lands by mining and corporate agricultural interests in blatant disregard of indigenous sovereign rights. 33% of Native children live in poverty and many of America's poorest counties are reservations. The crisis of missing and murdered Indigenous women and the over-incarceration of Native peoples shows the bankruptcy of capitalism from its earliest inception in the Americas until today.
 
★ 7 |  Full equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer people
Fight back against anti-LGBTQ discrimination and violence. Defend marriage equality. Full equality in all matters governed by civil law, including employment, housing, healthcare and education. No to “religious exemption” laws that allow discrimination against LGBTQ people!
 
★ 8 |  Equality for women and free, safe, legal abortion on demand
Stop the attack on women’s reproductive rights and defend Roe v. Wade. Women must have the fundamental right to choose & control their own bodies. Women still earn 22 percent less than men, and the gap is even more severe for Black and Latina women. Close the wage gap and end the gender division of labor.

★ 9 |  Defend and expand our unions
Support the right of all workers to have a union. Fight back against the attacks on collective bargaining. Require employers to recognize card check union votes. Repeal the Taft-Hartley Act. Focusing on low-wage worker organizing, rebuild a fighting labor movement.

★ 10 |  Takeover the stolen wealth of the giant banks and corporations – Jail Wall St. criminals
The vast wealth of the giant banks and corporations is created by workers labor and the exploitation of the world’s diminishing natural resources. The billionaires looted and destroyed the economy. It is time to seize their assets and use those resources in the interests of the vast majority. Power must be taken out of the hands of the super rich, and Wall Street criminals must be jailed.
    
In May 2020 the ticket was also nominated by the Liberty Union Party in Vermont. LU had also selected La Riva in 2016. On the negative side one can find chatter from other Leftist groups who consider PSL to be "tankies" (i.e. Stalinists) in love with despotic regimes as well as being an undemocratic, nontransparent political party to the point of being a cult. There have been allegations for years that PSL has harbored and protected sexual predators and abusers within their ranks.

Peltier withdrew from the ticket on July 20, 2020 citing ill health. He was replaced by Sunil Freeman. Freeman's biography was provided on the campaign website--

Sunil Freeman is a lifelong activist and cultural worker. He is the child of parents who met as workers at the refugee camp in Kurukshetra during the time of India's independence and partition. Growing up in the Maryland suburbs of Washington D.C., Sunil, along with his family, were active participants in the mass anti-Vietnam War movement, formative experiences that brought Sunil into solidarity with all the movements of the oppressed sweeping the world during that time.

Sunil, a poet and essayist, has contributed to and edited major literary journals. He joined the PSL in 2005 after becoming an organizer with the ANSWER Coalition in the anti-Iraq War movement. Sunil has participated in and organized dozens of events in opposition to US wars abroad, against the US blockade of Cuba, and against criminal sanctions levied by the US against a range of countries.

Sunil is also a disability rights activist working to make all aspects of society accessible to all. Sunil currently resides in Maryland and continues to be active in social justice issues of all kinds.

For the second time in a row the Peace and Freedom Party in California nominated La Riva for President, soundly defeating Howie Hawkins' bid.

Ever since the 2008 election the Party's popular vote result has been steadily rising. Their combined 2020 vote was 86,239, finishing in 6th place after the Libertarian, Green, and Alliance parties. 9,506 of those votes were for the La Riva/Peltier ticket in Illinois (0.13%) and Minnesota (0.04%) where his name remained in the ballot, and in Texas (0.00%) as the official write-in VP.

The La Riva/Freeman ticket saw their strongest percentages in California (0.29%), District of Columbia (0.25%), New Mexico (0.18%), Rhode Island (0.16%), Washington (0.12%), and Arkansas (0.11%).

Election history: none

Other occupations: poet, author, Assistant Director of the Writer's Center

Notes:
Freeman's father was an American Quaker, his mother born a citizen of India.

Dennis James Banks

 

Dennis James Banks, April 12, 1937 (Leech Lake Indian Reservation. Minn.) – October 29, 2017 (Rochester, Minn.)

VP candidate for Party for Socialism and Liberation (aka Peace and Freedom Party) (2016)

Running mate with nominee: Gloria Estela La Riva (b. 1954)
Popular vote: 68,139 (0.05%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

The Gloria La Riva/Eugene Puryear ticket for the Party for Socialism and Liberation was nominated again for the 2016 election, and Puryear was still too young to serve if elected. La Riva's substitute running-mates were Dennis Banks (California [Peace and Freedom Party], Colorado, Iowa, New Mexico) and Sarah Sloan (Maryland).

The strength of Bernie Sanders' campaign in the Democratic Party was a mixed issue for the PSL. On their webpage they did not consider him a real socialist--

He does not call for nationalizing the corporations and banks, without which the reorganization of the economy to meet people’s needs rather than maximizing the profits of capitalist investors could not take place … He is clearly seeking to reform the existing capitalist system.

La Riva's capture of the Presidential nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party in California was a major victory. American Indian Movement co-founder Dennis Banks was a longtime household name for activists of all stripes and by selecting him as the PFP running-mate the VP actually had more name recognition than the standard bearer.

Banks campaigned in California with a focus on the oil pipeline protest taking place at Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in North Dakota. Describing the 2016 choice as "the worst presidential election in U.S. history," Banks elaborated, "We're a sick county, and we're voting in 34 days from now for somebody that is hated ... So if you elect Hillary Clinton, it's because you hated Trump, and if you elect Trump, it's because you hated Hillary. That's not a very good platform to win: 'I won because I was the least hated.' What do you say to your children and grandchildren? ... Of course, I'm not running to accept the vice presidential office. I'm running because there's a forum that has to be made in this country, an ongoing forum and I've decided to use this to get on that forum."

The La Riva/Banks campaign issued a platform-in-brief--

OUR 10 POINT PROGRAM
1.    For the earth to live, capitalism must end
2.    Make a job, free health care, free education & affordable housing Constitutional rights
3.    Shut down all U.S. military bases around the world-bring all the troops, planes and ships home
4.    Stop racist police brutality and mass incarceration
5.    Defend our unions
6.    Equality for women and free, safe, legal abortion on demand
7.    Full rights for all immigrants
8.    Full federal equality for LGBTQ people
9.    Honor Native Treaties-Free Leonard Peltier
10.   Seize the banks–Jail Wall Street criminals
 
Of the impressive 74,405 popular votes (0.05%) gained nationally by La Riva in 2016, the ticket with Banks accounted for 68,139 of them, mostly from California. The La Riva/Banks results: California 0.47%, New Mexico 0.15%, Colorado and Iowa 0.02% each. If elected, Banks would have died in office less than 10 months into his term, aged 80.

Election history: none

Other occupations: US Air Force, co-founder of American Indian Movement, teacher, drug and alcohol counselor, member of the Board of Trustees for Leech Lake Tribal College, actor, composer, musician, author

Buried: Battle Point Cemetery (Federal Dam, Minn.)

Notes:
Banks endorsed Jesse Jackson in the 1988 Presidential primaries and Dennis Kucinich in the 2004 cycle.

Jay D. Stolba

 

Jay D. Stolba, September 21, 1955 -

VP candidate for New Independent Party Iowa (aka Independent) (2016)

Running mate with nominee: Lynn Sandra Kahn (b. 1946)
Popular vote: 2,319 (0.00%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

Lynn Sandra Kahn with a campaign address in Kensington, Md. filed as an Independent for President with the FEC in Feb. 2015.

She described herself as "socially progressive and fiscally conservative," with "a long history in peace building and green energy." A psychologist by profession, Dr. Kahn had worked in that capacity and as a consultant for the Federal Aviation Administration and also had experience serving on the National Partnership for Reinventing Government. She was the author of Performance Networks: Transforming Governance for the 21st Century (2009), Results at the Edge: The Ten Rules of Government Reform (2003), and Peacemaking: A Systems Approach to Conflict Management (1988).

One of the more thoughtful and organized independent candidates, her platform was within the framework a seven-point agenda--

My goals for America include 25 million new jobs over the next 10 years; a world-class public health system; free tuition at public colleges; free early childhood education; community-based policing; a justice system that is just; a tax system that is fair; an immigration system that is compassionate; a realistic roadmap to an economy based on 100% clean, renewable energy; an energy grid that is independent of foreign governments and does not poison our air, water, soil and food; a 21st century economy where everyone who wants a job has a job at a living wage with benefits. Integrity demands this government honor our commitments to our veterans, our children, our seniors and our Native American brothers and sisters. This is the plan that will allow all that:

    Track 1: CUT ONE TRILLION DOLLARS OF GOVERNMENT WASTE and invest the savings in our families and our communities!
    Track 2: MULTIPLY SOLUTIONS
    Track 3: REINVENT ALL OUR AGENCIES STARTING ON DAY 1
    Track 4: BUILD PARTNERSHIPS
    Track 5: COMMUNICATE HONESTLY
    Track 6: MEASURE THE TRUTH
    Track 7. BUILD PEACE AT HOME AND AROUND THE WORLD

More than any other Presidential candidate of any party, I know how to look under the hood of our federal agencies to see what works, what does not work and what changes to make. For example, the current mission of the U.S. Department of Justice is organized around three words: “control, enforcement and punishment.” That mission will never solve mass incarceration, school-to-prison pipelines and tensions between communities and law enforcement. We must change that mission, re-set agency priorities, insert new requirements in budgeting systems and reverse policies that deny the connections between poverty, lousy schools, unemployment, low wages and entanglement in criminal justice systems.

The same work must be done in every federal agency; they are all out of touch with the dreams of We the People. I do not need on-the-job training. I can start all that on Day 1. And with my experience designing and facilitating Citizen Summits and Conversations with America, we will have true citizen input to the shape of our government and community control over what federal programs get funded.

Dr. Kahn attempted to gain ballot access in California via the Peace and Freedom Party, finishing in third place with 20% in their primary. It seems she was also a contender for the Reform Party nomination.

Kahn had two running-mates. Kathleen Monahan, who lived in Pensacola, Fla., and Jay Stolba of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Monahan, an expert on border control and homeland security, was considered the official VP nominee with semi-retired businessman Stolba being the stand-in.

Reported votes for Kahn came to a total of 5,730, but not all states report write-in numbers so the number could have been higher. The Kahn/Monahan ticket was on the ballot in Arkansas (0.30%), and write-ins in Delaware, Kansas, Maryland, Minnesota, Montana, Washington, and West Virginia. The Kahn/Stolba ticket was on the ballot in Iowa (0.14%), and write-ins in Idaho, Nebraska, and New York. It seems that Kahn was initially to be on the ballot in New York but was invalidated.

In 2018 Kahn ran for US Congress in upstate N.Y. as a Green Party candidate.

Election history: none

Other occupations: Iowa Discount Shippers, Unishippers, real estate

Notes:
Registered Democrat.

Kathleen Elizabeth Monahan

 

Kathleen Elizabeth Monahan, December 2, 1946 (New York State) -

VP candidate for Independent (2016)

Running mate with nominee: Lynn Sandra Kahn (b. 1946)
Popular vote: 3,411 (0.00%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

Lynn Sandra Kahn with a campaign address in Kensington, Md. filed as an Independent for President with the FEC in Feb. 2015.

She described herself as "socially progressive and fiscally conservative," with "a long history in peace building and green energy." A psychologist by profession, Dr. Kahn had worked in that capacity and as a consultant for the Federal Aviation Administration and also had experience serving on the National Partnership for Reinventing Government. She was the author of Performance Networks: Transforming Governance for the 21st Century (2009), Results at the Edge: The Ten Rules of Government Reform (2003), and Peacemaking: A Systems Approach to Conflict Management (1988).

One of the more thoughtful and organized independent candidates, her platform was within the framework a seven-point agenda--

My goals for America include 25 million new jobs over the next 10 years; a world-class public health system; free tuition at public colleges; free early childhood education; community-based policing; a justice system that is just; a tax system that is fair; an immigration system that is compassionate; a realistic roadmap to an economy based on 100% clean, renewable energy; an energy grid that is independent of foreign governments and does not poison our air, water, soil and food; a 21st century economy where everyone who wants a job has a job at a living wage with benefits. Integrity demands this government honor our commitments to our veterans, our children, our seniors and our Native American brothers and sisters. This is the plan that will allow all that:

    Track 1: CUT ONE TRILLION DOLLARS OF GOVERNMENT WASTE and invest the savings in our families and our communities!
    Track 2: MULTIPLY SOLUTIONS
    Track 3: REINVENT ALL OUR AGENCIES STARTING ON DAY 1
    Track 4: BUILD PARTNERSHIPS
    Track 5: COMMUNICATE HONESTLY
    Track 6: MEASURE THE TRUTH
    Track 7. BUILD PEACE AT HOME AND AROUND THE WORLD

More than any other Presidential candidate of any party, I know how to look under the hood of our federal agencies to see what works, what does not work and what changes to make. For example, the current mission of the U.S. Department of Justice is organized around three words: “control, enforcement and punishment.” That mission will never solve mass incarceration, school-to-prison pipelines and tensions between communities and law enforcement. We must change that mission, re-set agency priorities, insert new requirements in budgeting systems and reverse policies that deny the connections between poverty, lousy schools, unemployment, low wages and entanglement in criminal justice systems.

The same work must be done in every federal agency; they are all out of touch with the dreams of We the People. I do not need on-the-job training. I can start all that on Day 1. And with my experience designing and facilitating Citizen Summits and Conversations with America, we will have true citizen input to the shape of our government and community control over what federal programs get funded.

Dr. Kahn attempted to gain ballot access in California via the Peace and Freedom Party, finishing in third place with 20% in their primary. It seems she was also a contender for the Reform Party nomination.

Kahn had two running-mates. Kathleen Monahan, who lived in Pensacola, Fla., and Jay Stolba of Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Monahan, an expert on border control and homeland security, was considered the official VP nominee with semi-retired businessman Stolba being the stand-in.

Reported votes for Kahn came to a total of 5,730, but not all states report write-in numbers so the number could have been higher. The Kahn/Monahan ticket was on the ballot in Arkansas (0.30%), and write-ins in Delaware, Kansas, Maryland, Minnesota, Montana, Washington, and West Virginia. The Kahn/Stolba ticket was on the ballot in Iowa (0.14%), and write-ins in Idaho, Nebraska, and New York. It seems that Kahn was initially to be on the ballot in New York but was invalidated.

In 2018 Kahn ran for US Congress in upstate N.Y. as a Green Party candidate.

Election history: none

Other occupations: Dept. of Homeland Security, consultant

Notes:
Also known as Kathleen Monahan-Murphy.

Cindy Lee Miller Sheehan

 

Cindy Lee Miller Sheehan, July 10, 1957 (Inglewood, Calif.) -

VP candidate for Peace and Freedom Party (aka Americans Elect aka Independent) (2012)

Running mate with nominee: Roseanne Cherrie Barr (b. 1952)
Popular vote: 67,477 (0.05%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

In late Jan. 2012 Roseanne Barr filed with the FEC for President as a candidate of the Green Party. A few months earlier the sitcom star had announced her intention to run while a guest on the Tonight Show with Jay Leno. "I'm totally serious," Barr said, "'Cause I want to be part of the debates, because I want to represent the tax payer. In fact, I'm choosing the tax payers as my vice president ... I'm not for either party because they both suck and they're both a bunch of criminals ... So I made up my own party. It's the Green Tea Party."

Barr entered the Green Party primaries but lost the nomination to Jill Stein. However, Barr was able to parlay that momentum into gaining the Presidential nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party. Her running-mate was a PFP member, antiwar activist Cindy Sheehan.

Sheehan had become a national figure after her son Casey was killed in action in Iraq on Apr. 4, 2004 while serving in the US Army. The event radicalized Sheehan who staged a series of dramatic events protesting at first the Bush, then later the Obama administration military policies. Sheehan had progressively moved to the Left in the course of her political journey, starting as a California Democrat, then running against Nancy Pelosi in 2008 as an Independent, Sheehan found a home with the Peace and Freedom Party in 2010. Although she has sort of fallen off the radar in recent years, in 2012 Cindy Sheehan was a frequent name in the headlines. A faction of the Socialist Party USA had approached Sheehan to run as their VP, but the internal SPUSA politics prevented that from happening.

The Barr/Sheehan team did not last long. Living on her macadamia nut farm in Hawaii, Barr had an idea of running the campaign strictly online, admitting that she hated "to be around people or touch them," and "that there's going to be weirdos there that want to kill me."

Some of Barr's activities and statements as a PFP nominee made the Party uncomfortable and for sure Barr herself candidly acknowledged a long history of challenges with mental illness. It became evident she embraced a few unfounded conspiracy theories (e.g. she spoke at the The Consciousness Beyond Chemtrails Conference during the campaign) and also was one of the early Presidential candidates to find herself in trouble over messages she created on Twitter, an example being comments she wrote that resulted in charges that she was transphobic.

A month into the campaign, Sheehan posted this on her blog Cindy Sheehan's Soapbox--

Tuesday, September 4, 2012

No Longer on Campaign. Formal announcement

For personal and health reasons, I regret that I have to pull out of active participation in the Barr/Sheehan 2012 campaign. I strongly believe in the Platform as written, and the mission statement of the Peace and Freedom Party, and hope to continue my activism when my health improves. As to the personal reasons, Candidate Barr and I have irreconcilable differences on how best to serve the Peace and Freedom Party. I believe between my health issues and the disparity of our Political approach; both the Campaign, Ms Barr and the Party would be better served by my resignation. I wish nothing but good things for the Party and campaign.

UPDATE I: APPARENTLY, IT IS TOO LATE ACCORDING TO STATE POLICIES FOR ME TO RESIGN FROM THE TICKET,  BUT I AM WITHDRAWING ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN CAMPAIGNING. SO, I WILL STILL BE THE VP CHOICE ON BALLOTS (CINDY)

On Feb. 12, 2015, Sheehan elaborated a bit more on the subject in hindsight, including the following passages--

The few weeks that I was her running mate were devastating for me. I had known Roseanne for years before that star-crossed collaboration and I considered her a friend.

Roseanne was flawed, of course, as are we all. But I saw a person who I truly believed was committed to the same principles that I was, but Twitter is not Barr’s friend and she started to tweet some things that were 180 degrees from the platform of the party and my own personal platform, such as: “If people go on welfare, birth control should be mandatory.”

Side note: I also disagreed that our entire campaign should be by tweet, especially ones that were so contrary to what we, as a party, stand for.

Then some people have defended her most recent foray into outrageousness by saying exactly that, “She is famous for saying outrageous things.” Well, so am I, but I only consider what I say outrageous in the context of Imperial Capitalism like, “war of aggression is always wrong.”

The PFP actually went beyond the borders of California for the first time in awhile. The Barr/Sheehan ticket placed 6th nationally. They were on the ballot in three states: California (0.41%), Colorado (0.20%), and Florida (0.10%) as well as write-ins in 11 more states.

Barr would go on to promote numerous spurious conspiracy theories and then support Trumpism by the 2016 election.

Election history:
2008 - US House of Representatives (Calif.) (Independent) - defeated
2014 - Governor of California (Peace and Freedom Party) - primary - defeated

Other occupations: youth minister, antiwar activist, author, radio host

Notes:
Winner of the 2008 election was Nancy Pelosi.
2014 opponents included Jerry Brown (winner) and Luis J. Rodriguez.
I was not a viewer of her 1980s TV show, but thought Barr was great in She-Devil (1989)

Matthew Edward Gonzalez

 

Matthew Edward Gonzalez, June 4, 1965 (McAllen, Tex.) -

VP candidate for Independent (aka Peace and Freedom Party aka Unaffiliated aka Independent Party of Delaware aka Ecology Party of Florida aka Independence Party aka Natural Law Party aka Peace Party aka Populist Party) (2008)

Running mate with nominee: Ralph Nader (b. 1934)
Popular vote: 739,278 (0.56%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

Ralph Nader, about to turn 74, announced his intention to run for President as an Independent on the Meet the Press television program Feb. 24, 2008, "Dissent is the mother of ascent, and in that context I've decided to run for president."

The start of Nader's 2008 campaign and Matt Gonzalez's place in it is described on the Matt Gonzales Reader webpage--

In 2008 Ralph Nader decided to run for president and asked Gonzalez to be his running mate. Gonzalez saw himself as a stand-in for Peter Camejo who had run with Nader in 2004 but was now unavailable because he was fighting cancer a second time. Camejo specifically encouraged Nader to select Gonzalez who was one of the few elected officials in the nation to publically endorsed their ticket in 2004. Gonzalez agreed with the condition they not seek the Green Party Nomination. Nader was in accord. Both were supportive of Cynthia McKinney’s efforts to win the Green Party nomination and believed both campaigns could complement one another. The decision not to compete against McKinney for the Green Party nomination and to run as independents meant they could not rely on a preexisting party aparatus to gain ballot status.

Camejo died on Sept. 13, 2008.

Gonzalez gave a thumbnail description of the platform in an interview with Krist Novoselic (Seattle Weekly)--

Single-payer health care, ending the war in Iraq (without leaving any of the private contractor soldiers there), and ending the corporate domination of our society. It’s apparent that corporate money is undermining good government decision-making in our legislative process.

We’re committed to election reform. We support proportional representation for our Congress and direct election of the president by majority vote. We oppose plurality victories, which are common in the U.S., and have occurred in eight of the last 24 presidential contests.

Nader picked up support from a number of regional parties. In California he won the nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party. Also the Independent Party of Delaware, Independence Party (Hawaii), and Natural Law Party (Michigan). The Ecology Party of Florida and the Peace Party in Oregon were created for Nader's campaign. In New York Nader ran under the Populist Party banner.

Although he did not actively seek the Green Party nomination, he still won the most votes in their primaries but the convention nominated Cynthia McKinney. Gonzalez left the Green Party partly as a way to make it easier for Nader to file as a true Independent in several states.

Nader/Gonzalez were on the ballot in 45 states and write-ins in four others. They finished in third place and at a higher percentage than Nader's 2004 run, cracking 1% in a dozen states: Maine (1.45%), North Dakota (1.32%), Arkansas (1.19%), Connecticut and Alaska (1.16% each), South Dakota (1.12%), Idaho (1.10%), Minnesota (1.04%), Vermont (1.03%), Rhode Island and Oregon (1.02%), and West Virginia (1.01%). The only state where it could possibly be argued Nader was a spoiler was Missouri, which barely voted for McCain with a 0.13% difference over Obama. Nader took 0.61% of the vote in that state.

Compared to most of the other third parties in the 2008 election season, Nader's Independent bid went comparatively smoothly, but it ended on a real sour note. On Election Night Nader told a Fox News radio reporter regarding Obama, "He is our first African American president; or he will be. And we wish him well. But his choice, basically, is whether he’s going to be Uncle Sam for the people of this country, or Uncle Tom for the giant corporations who are running America into the ground." A bit later Fox TV reporter Shep Smith played back the statement to Nader, but the quote was cut off after the words "giant corporations." After playing it, Smith looked a bit stunned and said with dramatic pauses, "Really. Ralph Nader? What was that?" and the contentious conversation went downhill from there with Nader exhibiting a special sort of zealous cranky cluelessness about the impact of his choice of words.

And thus ended Nader's final major campaign for the Presidency. I actually saw that live when it aired and remember thinking it was a downer departure from the electoral scene by a candidate who is unquestionably America's greatest consumer advocate and activist.

Election history:
1999 - San Francisco District Attorney (Nonpartisan) - primary - defeated
2001-2005 - San Francisco Board of Supervisors (President, 2003-2005) (Nonpartisan)
2003 - Mayor of San Francisco, Calif. (Nonpartisan) - defeated

Other occupations: attorney, collage artist, writer, editor, teacher, art curator, poet

Notes:
During his 2001 campaign, Gonzalez left the Democratic Party and joined the Green Party.
Winner of the 2003 election was Gavin Newsom.
Played bass guitar in an indie rock band, John Heartfield, 1995-1999.

Janice Jordan

Janice Jordan, 1964 (Ojai, Calif.) -

VP candidate for Peace and Freedom Party (2004)

Running mate with nominee: Leonard Peltier (b. 1944)
Popular vote: 27,607 (0.02%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

In 1998, The Peace and Freedom Party of California lost their status as a ballot qualified party in California after failing to attain the minimum 2% vote requirement for any statewide candidate. But in 2003 after considerable effort they regained their ballot qualification. Having skipped the 2000 Presidential election, in 2004 they passed over independent Ralph Nader and Socialist Walter F. Brown to nominate Leonard Peltier.

Peltier, a Turtle Mountain Chippewa who was previously active in the American Indian Movement (AIM) had been in prison for almost three decades in 2004. He was convicted of aiding and abetting the 1975 shooting at point blank range of a couple of FBI agents at the Pine Ridge Reservation, SD. Peltier became a fugitive but was arrested a couple months later in Alberta. His case quickly drew controversy while gaining  supporters contending he is a political prisoner and the "Free Leonard Peltier" movement was born.

Agitation to create a Peltier Freedom Party and run him for President had been around even before the previous election in 2000 and disorganized write-in efforts had been promoted that year. Apparently there was some buzz in 2003 of the Peace and Freedom Party endorsing an all-convict ticket of Mumia Abu Jamal for President and Leonard Peltier for VP. Momentum had been building for Peltier to the point where in Feb. 2004 he selected his attorney Barry Bacharach as his running-mate which was serious enough that a button had even been produced.

In March 2004, the same month Peltier won the PFP Presidential primary, his civil rights lawsuit against the FBI for constructing an "officially sanctioned campaign of misinformation and disinformation" was dismissed. 

By the time of the convention on Aug. 1, 2004 Peltier was easily the choice but the Party substituted Bacharach with proven PFP candidate and activist Janice Jordan.

In an interview with Third Party Watch in 2006, Jordan explained how she gravitated to the Peace and Freedom Party--

In 1990, I witnessed the United States Congress declare "Operation Desert Shield" against a poor country, a country of people of color-Iraq. Looking at the sea of wealthy European-American male faces in Washington DC, many of whom were Democrats disgusted me. I grew up in a Democrat stronghold, however at that moment I knew the party wasn't for me anymore. I searched out another political party and I found the Peace & Freedom Party.

Jordan's statement of acceptance as the 2004 VP nominee mirrored the Party platform--

Statement by Janice Jordan

I am honored to be the Vice-Presidential candidate of the Peace and Freedom Party of California, the only socialist and feminist party with ballot status in the most populous state in the United States. I have lived in California all of my life, and been active from a very young age in social justice, human services and environmental issues.

The current situation of international violence and occupation could have been avoided through dialogue and diplomacy, approaches that Leonard Peltier and I take pride in as social justice and human rights advocates. There is only one political party in power (the Republicans and the Democrats) in the United States, and unfortunately diplomacy, justice, civil rights and human rights take a backstage to unregulated military spending, unchecked human rights violations and police crime. The United States is not a leader in democracy or freedom; it has alienated itself from the rest of the world and from many of its own people.

Over the years, I have worked to end the disproportionate incarceration of poor people and people of color; the rise of homelessness among women, men, children and families (especially veterans); rampant military spending; police brutality; and the environmental destruction of reservations. I continue to fight for low-cost housing availability, livable wages, free speech, free healthcare, access to higher education, social security safety for seniors, same-sex marriage rights, and medical marijuana, in coalition with local and national grassroots groups and organizations. Government policies to benefit the working-class and working poor should be a priority not a problem. Healthcare, education, jobs and a livable wage are rights, not privileges.

One or two people cannot cure the ills created over centuries of abuse and neglect. However, Leonard Peltier and I intend to listen to communities that have been overlooked and ignored, and to advocate that each person has the right to live a healthy, productive and safe life in the richest country in the world. Working for effective change will happen by voting your conscience, not your fear.

Only on the ballot in California, the Peltier/Jordan ticket finished with 0.22% of the popular vote in that state.

Election history:
1996 - US House of Representatives (Calif.) (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated
1998 - US House of Representatives (Calif.) (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated
2000 - Mayor of San Diego, Calif. (Nonpartisan) - primary - defeated
2001 - San Diego (Calif.) City Council (Nonpartisan) - defeated
2006 - Governor of California (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated

Other occupations: activist, writer, social worker, physical education teacher

Notes:
Winner of 1996 elections was Duncan Hunter.
Opponents in 2006 were Arnold Schwarzenegger (winner), Peter Camejo, James E. Harris, and Art
 Olivier.
Washington State trivia alert!!!-- Peltier was co-owner of an auto body shop in Seattle ca1965-1972.
 In July 2000 the Washington State Democratic Party passed a resolution in support of executive
 clemency for Peltier.

Kathleen E. McClatchy

Kathleen E. McClatchy, February 20, 1961 (San Diego, Calif.) -

VP candidate for Peace and Freedom Party (1996)

Running mate with nominee: Marsha Joan Feinland (b. 1949)
Popular vote: 25,332 (0.03%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

In 1996 the Peace and Freedom Party found itself deadlocked between three Presidential contenders and attempted to submit all three names to the California Secretary of State, who would have none of that. According to Marsha Feinland of Berkeley, she volunteered to run just to keep the PFP on the ballot. Her running-mate was poet Kate McClatchy in Massachusetts. One of the three contenders in the deadlock was Monica Moorehead of the Workers World Party, who had actually won the PFP primary.

The Peace and Freedom Party 1996 Statement of Purpose:

 The Peace and Freedom Party stands for democracy, ecology, feminism and socialism. We work for a world where cooperation replaces competition; where all people are well fed, clothed and housed; where all women and men have equal status; a world of freedom and peace where every community retains its cultural integrity and lives with others in harmony. Our vision includes:

    Full employment with a shorter work week; $10 minimum wage with indexing.
    Defend affirmative action.
    Abolish NAFTA and GATT.
    Self determination for all nations and peoples.
    Conversion from a military to a peace economy.
    Social ownership and democratic management of industry and natural resources.
    End homelessness; abolish vagrancy laws; provide decent affordable housing for all.
    Quality health care, education and transportation.
    Free birth control; abortion on demand; no forced sterilization.
    Restore and protect clean air, water, land and ecosystems; develop renewable energy.
    End discrimination based on race, sex, sexual orientation, age or disability.
    Democratic elections through proportional representation.
    Defend and extend the Bill of Rights; oppose the phony drug war; legalize marijuana; decriminalize and treat drug use.
    Abolish the death penalty and laws against victimless acts.
    Tax the rich to meet human needs.

Feinland's voter pamphlet statement took a more personal tone: It is time to stop blaming immigrants and people on welfare for our problems. Ordinary people need to join together. We can use the country's wealth to meet human needs and make life better for everyone. As a teacher, I help all children learn. As an elected member of a rent board, I help tenants keep rents low and housing in good repair. I do not help the rich get richer. Priorities • Provide good food, housing, health care, and schools; make sure everyone has a job, or income if they cannot work • Stop giving tax money to big companies, banks and the military • Protect nature; keep air and water clean in everybody's neighborhood.

The Feinland/McClatchy campaign was a fairly low key effort. Attempts had been made to work with the Green Party for the election season but it did not come to pass.

Only on the ballot in California, they took 0.25% of the vote in the Golden State and finished 9th nationally.

Election history:
1986 - US House of Representatives (Calif.) (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated

Other occupations: teacher, Southern California chair of the Peace and Freedom Party, poet, writer

Notes:
Although McClatchy lived in Massachusetts, she was California born and raised.

Maria Elizabeth Muñoz

Maria Elizabeth Muñoz, April 2, 1957 (Los Angeles, Calif.) -

VP candidate for New Alliance Party (aka Independent aka More Perfect Democracy aka United Citizens Party) (1992)

Running mate with nominee: Lenora Fulani (b. 1950)
Popular vote: 73,652 (0.07%)
Electoral vote: 0/538

The campaign:

For the second time in a row, the New Alliance Party nominated Lenora Fulani. Interestingly she ran in the Democratic Party primary in New Hampshire early in 1992 and was newsworthy for heckling Bill Clinton. Also for the second time Fulani won the Peace and Freedom Party primary in California only to be denied the final nomination at the convention. In 1988 the PFP actually melted down and did not have an official nominee, something they did not want to repeat in 1992. Many of Fulani's critics felt the NAP was a cult attempting to take over the PFP and was not actually a true Left wing movement. Fulani provided her own version of events in an article written in 2000:

By 1992, I was running for president for a second time. I sought the California Peace and Freedom Party nomination again. Ross Perot was running for president, too, and the two-party system was about to come face to face with his formidable independent challenge. In liberal and progressive political circles there was feverish concern about the presidential election. Rev. Jesse Jackson had run twice -- in 1984 and in 1988 -- raising and then dashing the hopes of black and progressive Americans that our political power could be expanded through the Democratic Party. But in 1992 Jackson did not run for a third time; instead progressives -- including African Americans -- were being primed to support Bill Clinton, who cut his teeth in national politics by playing the race card. He seized an opportunity to publicly upbraid Jackson to demonstrate that he wasn't sympathetic to black and liberal concerns. This was part of Clinton's strategy to win Reagan Democrats back into the fold. Black and progressive leaders, who had given the Democratic Party a political "blank check," had to figure out how to make Clinton "fly" for their constituents.

Mainstream liberals figured they'd have no problem because their constituents would still feel they had nowhere else to go. But, the left establishment (i.e. the old left) was worried that ordinary progressives and blacks might defect to independent politics. When I threw my hat into the ring again in 1992, the old left needed a candidate to face me down. What better choice than Jesse Jackson's former deputy campaign manager, Ron Daniels, to run as the "official progressive" presidential candidate, but under "black cover."

Daniels puttered around the country, getting on the ballot in only 10 states, and wheeling out every piece of trash the old left had manufactured against me for 15 years, announcing that his goal was to destroy me ... But nowhere was the confrontation between Daniels, the black puppet of the white fringe left and me, the black progressive trying to bring minority voters into the nascent independent movement, sharper than in the 1992 California Peace and Freedom Party primary.

This contest was a three-way between Daniels, myself and a Latina woman whom Daniels' supporters had recruited to siphon off Hispanic and female voters from me. In spite of his vicious cult-baiting, attempts to hijack the party and other forms of political garbage, I won the three-way preferential primary with 51 percent. Daniels polled 32.5 percent and the "planted" candidate 16 percent. Many of my voters came from the black and Latino registrant base -- which had continued to grow since 1988 -- and from white progressives who wanted the party to be more relevant.

But Daniels and his ultra-left political allies weren't done. They once again mobilized support at the state convention to reject the wishes of the membership and gave Daniels the Peace and Freedom line. Once again, these left leaders preferred to disempower the rank and file to pursue their own narrow goals. When the Perot movement hit it big, and 20 million Americans went independent, I was able to take my networks and followers into a new coalition with Perot voters. Peace and Freedom, its fringy ideologues and Ron Daniels were all left behind in the sectarian dust.

However Fulani did have a strong connection to the PFP in the course of her campaign. Her running-mate, Maria Elizabeth Muñoz, had already been running for various public offices as a member of the Party since 1986. Several sources cite this team as the first 100% ticket of women of color, but in fact in 1988 Fulani appeared on the ballot with Barbara R. Taylor in New Jersey and Wynonia Brewington Burke in Alaska-Arizona-North Carolina-Washington and Mamie Moore in Hawaii-Idaho-Indiana-Kentucky-Michigan-Minnesota-Mississippi-Pennsylvania-South Dakota.

Although Munoz had previously run under the Peace and Freedom Party in other elections, she had been allied with the New Alliance Party the entire time. She was introduced to the NAP while working in New York. Munoz returned to her native state of California ca1984. In 1986, while running for Governor, she mentioned the relationship between the PFP and NAP: "The Alliance has received a mixed reaction from the Peace and Freedom Party, and we do have our differences. But they recognize that what I am talking about is facing the community and drawing them into the democratic process. At a time when Right-wing and conservative forces are gaining ground around the country, I don't think we can afford to spend time debating the correct party line amongst ourselves. What we need is to build tools for empowerment."

Having recently lost her brother to AIDS, Munoz had a powerful personal story to relate in the course of advocating for victims of the disease.

Even though Fulani failed to gain the PFP nomination, in South Carolina she appeared on the ballot as before as part of the United Citizens Party.

It wasn't so much the NAP platform that drew criticism from groups on the Left, it was more about their methods. Several pundits and ex-members (including the 1984 NAP Presidential nominee) basically accused the New Alliance Party of being a totalatarian cult. Fighting these charges frequently made the Party expend their limited energy and resources entrenching in a defensive position.

Compared to the previous election, it was a disappointing result for the NAP, garnering only about a third of the votes they won in 1988. This would be their final national run for the Presidency and the Party itself would soon disband. It is difficult to conclude how much the Ross Perot third party run had cut into NAP's base, but by 1996 several former NAP leaders competed with other politicos for control of the network Perot had built.

On the ballot in 39 states plus DC and write-ins in seven others, the Fulani/Muñoz ticket placed sixth nationally. They placed 4th, after Perot, in District of Columbia (0.64%), Rhode Island (0.41%), Delaware (0.38%), and Mississippi (0.27%). Other states with their strongest popular vote percentages: Oregon (0.21%), Hawaii (0.19%), New York (0.16%), and Vermont (0.15%).

Muñoz seems to have vanished from the political radar after 1992.

Election history:
1986 - Governor of California (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated
1988 - US Senate (Calif.) (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated
1989 - Mayor of Los Angeles (Calif.) (Nonpartisan) - defeated
1990 - Governor of California (Peace and Freedom Party) - defeated
1991 - Los Angeles (Calif.) City Council (Nonpartisan) - defeated
1992 - US House of Representatives (Calif.) (Peace and Freedom Party) - primary - defeated

Other occupations: counselor in a shelter for battered women, teacher

Notes:
Included in the 1986 race: George Deukmejian (winner), Tom Bradley, Matilde Zimmermann.
Pete Wilson was the winner of the 1988 race.
Tom Bradley was the winner of the 1989 race.
Included in the 1990 race: Pete Wilson (winner), Dianne Feinstein.
Also called Liz Munoz.